The controversial Georgian mine fuelling Europe’s new industrial arms race.

Olivia Acland, Ingrid Gercama, Stefano Vergine   Politico.eu5 September 2025
A troubled manganese mine is exposing the European Union’s double standards on environmental and worker protections.

Manganese, a black metal traditionally used to reinforce steel, is crucial for Europe’s green energy transition as it is used in wind turbines and electric car batteries. It's also vital for military gear like armour and guns.